This study examines student teachers' perceptions of teaching and the specific qualities that characterise effective educators, with a focus on distinguishing between general teaching proficiency and the skills required for the 21st-century classroom. Over three years, data were collected from three cohorts of science student teachers at the onset of their initial teacher training programmes. An open-ended questionnaire, consisting of four key questions, was administered to elicit their perceptions of what constitutes a teacher, a good teacher, an excellent teacher, and a 21st-century teacher. Thematic analysis of the responses uncovered distinct conceptualisations of teaching excellence and revealed both the overlapping and unique attributes associated with each category. The findings indicate that while student teachers generally recognise a progression from good to excellent teaching, their understanding of a 21st-century educator often includes additional competencies such as technological integration, adaptability, and a focus on global and collaborative learning. These attributes extend beyond traditional notions of teaching excellence and highlight the evolving expectations of modern educators. By operationalising the taxonomy of teacher classifications, this study provides a clear framework for differentiating between the generic qualities of teaching effectiveness and the specific competencies required for 21st-century education. The insights from this research offer valuable contributions to teacher education programmes by emphasising the need for curriculum adjustments that address both traditional pedagogical skills and the emerging demands of contemporary classrooms. This alignment is crucial for adequately preparing future teachers to meet the dynamic challenges of modern education, ultimately benefiting both educators and students.

Authors:
Hardimah Said, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Brunei
Marlizayati Johari, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Brunei

About the Presenter(s)
Dr Hardimah Said is an assistant professor in Science and Physics Education at Institute of Education, Universiti Brunei Darussalam. My interest is on science teaching and learning, teachers’ pedagogical knowledge and development and STEM education.

See this presentation on the full schedule – Wednesday Schedule

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